ABSTRACT
This chapter provides new developments in measures of free recall, cued recall, and recognition since that time. It reviews the methodologies and methodological issues that need to be considered in memory research that uses free recall, cued recall, or recognition paradigms. It is impossible to completely disentangle methodology from theory. Hermann Ebbinghaus' work spawned a future generation of memory researchers during the behaviorist era known as the verbal learning researchers. Free recall is perhaps the simplest of the list-learning methodologies for studying human memory. The free recall method of measuring memory performance is especially useful for attempting to understand participant-initiated retrieval strategies or participant-initiated self-cuing tendencies. Standard recognition memory tasks involve a mixture of old and new items on the test, a yes-no/old-new decision for each individually presented test item, and an index of discrimination versus bias.
