ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on classical neuropsychology but does so in the context of advances in neuroimaging. It shows that there are specific considerations in dealing with people with memory disorders, such as the importance of using advanced designs and statistical tools when conducting single case studies using special populations. The chapter discusses key design issues, like the differences between long-term and short-term memory, recall and recognition, recollection, and familiarity. Within memory research, there has been a shift in interest from systems to processes, and single case studies illuminated the proposed theoretical accounts. The contemporary focus of neuropsychology is on cognition and considering how the thought processes of the human mind are implemented in the brain, rather than the question of where they are located in the brain. Scaled scores, commonplace in clinical psychology, are designed to situate a patient or an individual person within the normal distribution of scores on the test.
