ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses those conditions which cause distortion and damage to the uterus, the fallopian tubes and the ovaries, and includes options for management. The pathological conditions affecting the uterus can be divided into: congenital structural abnormalities and acquired conditions, the latter divided into myometrial pathology and endometrial pathology. The layer of endometrium on the septum or the distal end of the bicornuate uterus has very little stromal tissue underneath it. The conditions predisposing to the development of intrauterine adhesions postsurgery are when the uterus is soft and when the uterine lining is less firmly attached to the stroma. The evidence for surgical management of congenital uterine anomalies is limited and not supportive of intervention. Uterine fibroid surgery can cause significant blood loss and adhesion formation, but careful attention to haemostasis intraoperatively and use of Ringer's lactate can address the satisfactorily. Peritubal adhesions and blockage are usually caused by Chlamydia.
