ABSTRACT
Ethyl acetate is used primarily as a lacquer solvent, although methyl ethyl ketone has largely replaced it as a constituent of low-boiling-point solvents. Most of the ethyl acetate manufactured is prepared by the esterification of ethyl alcohol with acetic acid, but some is produced by the catalytic condensation of acetaldehyde with alkoxides. An aqueous solution of acetic acid is mixed with an excess of 95% ethyl alcohol; then 1% sulphuric acid is added. Any alcohol remaining in the bottom layer is vaporized and recycled to the esterification column. Ethyl acetate is moderately toxic by inhalation. High concentrations of the vapour will cause irritation to the eyes, nose, throat and lungs leading to lachrymation, headaches, nausea, conjunctivitis and finally damage to liver and kidneys. It has a defatting effect on the skin leading to dermatitis. Ethyl acetate is a dangerous fire hazard and as its vapours are heavier than air, flashback can occur.
