ABSTRACT
Biologists have long been debating the theory of evolution; that is, whether it uses strong evidence or it is closer to faith than science, and whether such a theory can possibly exist at all. An indispensable condition for evolution of a self-developing system is its sufficient diversity, which provides the necessary degrees of freedom for a statistical choice of the most favorable path of development. The geological evolution of Earth began virtually from the moment of its formation. There are no reliable material traces of the early Earth's history. The chapter considers an example of the use of isotropy for figuring out the age of geological events. According to the opinion of another academician sharing the same last name, V. I. Vinogradov, the fact of the existence of Precambrian uranium-bearing conglomerates and Precambrian ferruginous quartzites cannot be taken as evidence that the Precambrian atmosphere was oxygen-free.
