ABSTRACT

The respective duties of State and citizen vary according to the particular form taken by a State. Ever since the time of Aristotle, States have been classified according to the number of those who have a part in the government. "When the people taken as a whole have sovereign power" says Montesquieu, "it is a democracy. The representatives of the State bore the stamp of a sacred character and, as such, were set apart from the commonalty. The State comes into existence by a process of concentration that detaches a certain group of individuals from the collective mass. The State has really a far greater sphere of influence nowadays than in other times, because the sphere of the clear consciousness has widened. The concept of democracy is best seen in the extension of this consciousness to its maximum and it is this process that determines the communication.