ABSTRACT
H. Silver describes the issue as the "Social functions of education", "which range through questions of the social and welfare aspects of education to the curative and socially useful functions of schools with regard to salient social problems. P. Hughes describes guidance as being "identified by a tradition of help and service to individual children, involving not only care for rights but also for needs". He sees the slow struggle for social justice and a changing economy as major factors contributing to the growth of guidance within schools. The phrases contrast strongly with the principal aims of "Better Schools" and herald a "new realism" in official educational thinking. A five fold model of guidance is proposed that includes taking action, advising, teaching, informing and counselling, with the "underlying aims of guidance to help the student more towards self reliance rather than make the student dependent on tutor".
