ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book provides understanding of agency in language policy and planning (LPP) by exploring important theoretical notions about agency and LPP, and by providing ethnographically oriented analyses of agency in a variety of LPP contexts around the world. It highlights community politics in language revitalization, leadership and agency, socioeconomic influences on family language planning, and incoherence in curriculum policy reform. The book argues different ways that agency in LPP should be understood not only in terms of responses to macro-level LPP processes but also as generative of policies. With regards to LPP research at large, it provides insight into not only how languages of colonization and languages of wider communication threaten local languages and cultures but also how the realities can be traced back quite directly to specific agentive processes.
