ABSTRACT
Chapter 3 presents conceptual frameworks for collecting data through interviews and email correspondence, and for analysing data. It discusses features of positioning theory, specifically how individuals position themselves, how others position the persons, and how individuals position themselves in connection to how others have positioned them. It includes the notion of private positioning to explore bilinguals’ thought processes and the manners in which they construct their identities based on their investments and expectations. It examines how positioning theory can be linked to how individuals shift their identities and how pronouns are used to indicate their positioning. The chapter also introduces the participants who were from various backgrounds and countries (from Vietnamese university lecturers to an Indonesian military officer), who pursued their further studies in an English-speaking country.
