ABSTRACT
Acknowledging the ongoing importance of social and environmental opportunities and challenges related to bioenergy and biofuels, this chapter addresses technology for the production of second-generation biofuels. In light of these developments, it is natural and indeed desirable to reassess commitments and strategies pertaining to 2G biofuels. Two questions frame such a reassessment: Is renewed effort to develop and deploy 2G biofuel technology warranted? and How should such an effort be configured? The chapter presents the view that a renewed effort is indeed warranted, and offers perspectives on how such a '2G 2.0' effort can build on lessons from '2G 1.0' in order to accelerate technological progress and biofuel deployment. An affirmative answer to this question requires a positive assessment of the need and potential benefits of 2G biofuels, and 2G biofuel production technology and prospects for economic viability.
