ABSTRACT
This chapter presents an overview of some relevant aspects for sugarcane ethanol production models. It considers the most relevant issues that are important to meet the sustainability certification requirements and to contribute to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). The chapter lists and briefly discusses the UN SDGs and explores some of the most important certification systems in use by the sugarcane sector in order to highlight the important indicators to the selection of the production model. The basic concepts of the different production models were presented to serve as benchmarks to kick off sugarcane ethanol production. Technology, scale, sugarcane supply and smallholder inclusion are important aspects in this discussion. The chapter aims to support policymakers to better understand what drives sustainable biofuel production. Considerations about ethanol market (local, national or international) are very important in the selection of the production model.
