ABSTRACT
The "Second Russian Revolution" and the economic crisis of 1985-1995 brought about a considerable change of the living standard in Russia. According to a 1994 survey by the State Committee for Statistics in the Russian Federation, 32% of Russian households have an income below the poverty limit. The privatisation of the life- style, and the accompanying retreat to families based on a traditional model, represent leading tendencies in Russian society in the 1990s. Against the background of these general tendencies we want to address the following important issues, based on the Russian survey within the comparative study the double identity of women and men, gender identities of Russian parents. The Russian respondents voiced a belief that female influence the professional arena is almost equal to male influence and they would like to see women's influence increase. It seems that in Russia there are gender conflicts not only between the genders but also within the individuals belonging to each of them.
