ABSTRACT
All biotechnological inventions go through the same developmental stages-exploring variability, replication, and application of selection criteria. Biotechnological innovations fall into several classes, depending largely on the technique and the type of tissue involved. Earlier organismic methods gave way to cellular and molecular methods. S. A. Bent et al considered six types of biotechnological motivations. These are plant varieties, animal varieties, cell hybrids and cell lines, macromolecules and viral particles, “engineered” organisms, and “pure” cultures of unmodified, naturally occurring cells. Bent et al have argued that, for the purpose of industrial property protection, there are no technological reasons for subjecting each type of biotechnological invention to sui generis treatment under the laws governing intellectual property rights. Biogen patents include compounds, new therapeutic methods of treatment, and compositions for treating several diseases in all living organisms including human populations as well as various plant animal species.
