ABSTRACT
Humanitarian situations occur where technical issues, human negligence, weak infrastructure in disaster prone areas, civil war, or a rare event, with retrospective predictability, results in system failures and the affected population have to rely on external assistance for their recovery (Labib & Read, 2015). Although international humanitarian law focuses on protecting vulnerable groups during armed conflicts, and limiting the methods and effects of warfare, natural hazards are also increasingly creating humanitarian situations and vulnerable groups that require some forms of humanitarian assistance and protections (Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre [IDMC] & Norwegian Refugee Council [NRC], 2017). Further, low and middle income countries account for significant new internal displacement resulting from conflicts and natural hazards and displacement will likely continue to hamper human rights realisation, social development and economic growth except the drivers of poverty, environmental change and state fragility are tackled (Bennett et al., 2017).
