ABSTRACT
The Nordic states have provided Iceland with essential societal shelter. Nordic cooperation has also provided political shelter, especially in terms of diplomatic backing and, in recent years, security cooperation. Iceland has also received partial, yet important, economic shelter provided by Nordic cooperation. However, the Nordic states are too small to provide Iceland with sufficient political and economic shelter. Moreover, although the Nordic states are more likely than others to show Iceland solidarity, they cannot be fully relied on as shelter providers during times of crisis. As their actions demonstrate, the Nordic states place a higher value on their relations with European powers than on their relations with Iceland.
