ABSTRACT
This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book analyzes the European Court of Justice (ECJ) cases where Articles 224 and 225 have been invoked by the litigants or mentioned by ECJ officials. It focuses on the nature of these Articles and the wider issues they introduce. The book explores a brief background of the dispute between the two countries, to enable the reader to follow the presentation of the cases themselves and the arguments of both the ECJ officials and the litigants in the cases, namely the Commission and Greece. It looks at the future of the Treaty Articles, with reference to their possible invocation in an enlarged, maybe multi-speed, Community, indeed a Community which will probably include new member states, from eastern Europe, which are particularly sensitive about their security because of their geographic location.
