ABSTRACT
High and persistent dependence on the extraction of oil, gas, and minerals for export earnings and fiscal revenues are a concern for the sustainability of growth in resource-rich countries. The Extractives Dependence Index is a composite index consisting of six indicators. Three of them are well recognized, they are: the share of oil, gas and minerals in total export revenue; the share of resources in total government revenue; and oil, gas and mineral value-added in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It also includes export revenue from high-skill and technology-intensive manufactured (HTM) exports as a share of total global HTM exports; total non-resource taxes from incomes, profits and capital gains as a share of GDP and per capita manufacturing value added. Several researchers came up with indicators to measure resource-dependency. They look at shares of resource exports in GDP or in total exports; resource revenue as a share of total government revenue and extractive value-added in GDP.
