ABSTRACT
Peak heat losses and gains, or the maximum anticipated, of each building space represent the heating and cooling loads and must be determined in order to establish the capacity of the heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system being designed. The thermal storage effect is critically important in differentiating between instantaneous heat gain for a given space and its cooling load for that moment. Fenestration refers to any aperture in a building envelope, including the glazing material that is used, the framing and dividers forming window construction, external shading devices, internal shading devices, and any between-glass shading devices. For the HVAC designer, infiltration represents a heating or cooling load, depending on the temperature and humidity condition of the outdoor air relative to the indoor air. Cooling load calculation using the heat balance methodology involves calculating a surface-by-surface conductive, convective, and radiative heat balance for each surface and a convective heat balance for the room air.
