ABSTRACT
This chapter examines two forms of self-transcendence that are present in Jewish thought and law but are at times in tension. On the one hand, submitting to rules is central in Judaism and represents a form of self-transcendence, particularly when, as is usually the case, the rules to which one submits require either the conquest or eradication of egoistic desires. Submission can be viewed as transcending oneself to connect with God and, with this connection, infuse life with meaning. On the other hand, as we move through relevant Jewish issues and texts, we will see that Judaism asks of individuals that even when conduct is permissible if we look solely at the rules governing actions, people should transcend their selves by acting for others and not acting according to the technical law. Incorporating virtue considerations into law promotes the societal good, but it also brings virtuous individuals into a relationship with God, principally but not only by emulating God’s ways. Sometimes a choice must be made between these two forms of self-transcendence. We also need to factor in that Judaism at times tells us to put ourselves first.
