ABSTRACT
Melanie Klein and Wilfred R. Bion have dwelled on the sources of unbearable pain in the internal world of patients, thus nurturing our understanding of the conflicts that are displayed in the transference. Kleinian theory, with its emphasis on unconscious object relations, is a theory of presences in which the most primitive experiences are responsible for deeply unconscious phantasies that are represented by objects or part-object relationships. Bion's proposal has helped us to understand that thinking is making links and that these links are emotional in origin and start preverbally as concrete perceptions of our relation to others in the internal and external worlds. Bion, described the subtle mechanism of attacks on linking and on linking functions together with reversible perspective, transformation in hallucinosis, and other phenomena very early in his work in studying the psychotic part of the personality. The main difference between the concept of envy and of attacks on linking resides in the direction of hostility.
