ABSTRACT
Anna Freud and Dorothy Burlingham, who carried out an investigation on children's psychic reactions during war, were pioneers in calling attention to traumatic experiences from a psychoanalytic perspective. D. W. Winnicott had experiences from working as consultant psychiatrist in an area of England that received evacuated children during the Second World War. He studied the effects of deprivation and gained an important understanding of those children who experience painful separations. Scholarly research into the history and memory of the Holocaust has expanded exponentially in the last several decades, not least in the 1990s. During the past decades the African continent has been ravaged by internal conflicts and insurgencies. The psychological situation that affects African children and youth has varying backgrounds and characteristics. Interviewing about the Holocaust, Rwanda, and similar tragedies can be extremely painful, for both the interviewee and the interviewer as well as for the outside listener.
