ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the defences of the self. Whether C. G. Jung thought of body and psyche as two distinct entities at the start is not known, but his adoption of instinct theory from psychoanalysis makes it clear that early on he thought of psyche as essentially related to soma. Later Jung developed a bipolar theory, which gives a better idea of the relation of psyche to soma. H. G. Heyer, who was close to Jung, researched in psychosomatic medicine and in 1933 published a book, The Organism of the Mind; so he was in the vanguard of the movement in which Wittkower and others participated. In 1963 C. A. Meier, another analyst close to Jung, published a paper: "A Jungian approach to pychosomatic medicine", in which he is keen to find a way out of the idea that there is causal relation between psyche and soma.
