ABSTRACT
It is necessary to distinguish between the diverse and uncertain factors and the serious problems that Sigmund Freud encountered. It was in 1920 that Freud eventually recognized the undesirable new development known as the "negative therapeutic reaction". It proceeds from the new finding, which changes the direction of the government of psychical processes. Negativity thus seems to be the product of an inverted orientation. It is as if the aims had been reversed, giving priority to an orientation independent of the pleasure principle, or even contrary to it, following the paths traced by unpleasure. This paradoxical trajectory develops under the sway of prevalent masochism. Subsequently, Freud was to reconsider his options, defending the existence of a primary masochism that is responsible for many disappointments of analysis. This evolution would be explained by theses related to the death drive.
