ABSTRACT
True participation will improve decision making, it will involve the consideration of multiple views rather than the singular view of the manager or leader. And, most importantly, it will enable the manager or leader to become aware of the desires of other team members. To achieve an awareness of other team members' desires requires their 'participation'. To achieve an awareness of other team members' desires requires their 'participation'. One of the important means that the manager or leader goes about this is by 'consultation'. The leader or manager may take a variety of approaches: imploring, bullying, manipulating, encouraging, directing, haranguing, threatening, whatever. If all behaviour is a manifestation of desires and desires form ever new derivative desires, behaviour should develop ever new forms. The object perceived as the source of deprivation is the goal of the more primitive and destructive desires that make up aggression.
