ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on defining the terminology of low awareness conditions, assessment and rehabilitation techniques for those people who have sustained profound or severe brain injuries. Prior to any formal neuro–behavioural sensory assessment, careful examination of the person's best and worst times of day should have been made. There should be an uncluttered and reduced level of environmental stimulation in the examination room. Some use the term "minimally conscious", others "low level neurological states", and still others use the more global term "altered states of consciousness". Low awareness condition captures more of the sub-conditions under discussion in a more positive way. Indeed, J. T. Giacino, D. Katz, and N. Schiff are among a number of clinicians who downplay the significance of sensory stimulation programmes as potentially useful for staff and family members. In particular, with regard to consciousness, and, more specifically, the patient's inability to experience his or her immediate environment.
