ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we consider the principle of operation, electrical circuits and designs of generators of microsecond voltage pulses (GMP) using the technology of linear induction accelerators on magnetic elements. Output parameters of the generators: voltage 450−1000 kV, current 1−2 kA, duration of the flat part of the pulse 1 μs, pulse repetition frequency up to 1 kHz. Due to the appropriate selection of elements, it is possible to form voltage pulses of a linearly increasing or linearly decreasing shape. Generators of microsecond pulses allow for an on-line change in the polarity of the output pulses with the same amplitude and time characteristics. Such power supply parameters are unique. They are not achievable with the help of traditional pulse generation circuits, which can not provide a rectangular shape of the microsecond voltage pulses and such a high repetition frequency. In the present chapter, engineering and design problems associated with the creation of GMP have been studied and the calculations and computer simulations based on equivalent circuits have been carried out. In addition, estimates of the thermal conditions of the elements of a particular generator have been made, formulas have been given for selecting the cross-section of the windings of pulse transformers and saturation chokes. One of the paragraphs is devoted to calculations of the leakage inductance, magnetization inductance, dynamic capacitance and ohmic loss equivalents. Such material can be useful in the design of highvoltage devices using magnetic elements, including linear induction accelerators. The original generator power circuit permitting its operation with the pulse repetition frequency up to 1 kHz in the long
packet mode (to 5000) is presented in detail. Generators of microsecond voltage pulses with similar unique
output characteristics can find application in terms of forming electron beams of relativistic microwave devices of both O-and M-types. In this case, at relatively low levels of generated power, it is possible to obtain microwave pulses of high energy due to the increased duration. Thus, the high average power of the microwave radiation of the installation is attainable. As a result, there are prospects for its practical use. In this case, the limitations associated with heating the surface of collectors of O-type relativistic devices, anode blocks of relativistic magnetrons and with their possible destruction are partially removed, since the amplitude of the pulse heating temperature of the surface is proportional to the square root of the pulse duration of the electron beam (see (4.3)).
