ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology is a fast-growing field that provides for the development of materials that have new dimensions, novel properties, and a broader array of applications. Nanomaterials have also entered the agricultural and food industries. Applications of nanomaterials in the food industry consist of the introduction of new technologies to prevent food contamination, to reduce food-borne illnesses, and to ensure food safety. Their benefits are especially antimicrobial effects, enhanced sensory acceptance, and improved bioavailability as well as targeted delivery of bioactive compounds in the case of nutrients or “clever foods.” Polymers reinforced with nanomaterials used as food packaging materials have enhanced mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties; thus, nanocomposite packaging materials have been found effective in the improvement of microbial harmlessness, retention of nutrients, inhibition of weight loss and respiration, reduction of free radicals production, and retention of postharvest quality. This contribution is focused on the applications of various nanocomposites suitable for the protection of different foodstuffs, smart active or responsive packaging materials, and edible coatings. Diverse nanosensors applicable for monitoring of food quality, safety, and integrity are mentioned as well.
