ABSTRACT
This chapter begins by drawing attention to the study abroad terminology that is used in different parts of the world. It reviews historical developments and identify some of the many variations that exist in contemporary study abroad programmes. The chapter discusses environmental elements that can influence the language and intercultural learning of student sojourners. It highlights the personal nature of international educational experience and then explain some of the many individual differences that can bring about variations in the developmental trajectories of student sojourners. The chapter identifies a wide range of external and internal elements that can influence the intercultural learning and engagement of international students. It focuses on to some of the many external or environmental elements and internal variables that can profoundly influence international educational experience. The chapter illustrates that there is considerable diversity in international educational programmes, participants, and contexts.
