ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses each international criminal aviation convention. International civil aviation, the international community had little interest in regulating undesired acts committed on board of aircraft. The Tokyo Convention 1963 marked the first international effort to combat threats against international civil aviation. The international criminal aviation conventions explicitly state that they are not applicable to ‘aircraft used in military, customs or police services’. Aviation often involves crossing international borders and a variety of stakeholders from different States. The second half of the twentieth century saw a series of high-profile incidents where perpetrators evaded punishment due to an ‘oases of lawlessness’ during flights. The chapter focuses on the lex specialis international aviation law treaties and dealing with criminal acts that were created under the auspices of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). ICAO has been active in the preparation of international aviation law instruments before they are submitted to diplomatic conference for the adoption by States.
