ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the path from early appearance to later traits, and considers early environmental effects of appearance, conditions conducive to self-fulfilling and self-defeating prophecy effects, and evidence for a causal influence of early appearance on later traits. It also explains the path from early traits to later appearance, and considers early environmental effects of traits, conditions conducive to Dorian Gray and artifice effects, and evidence for a causal influence of early traits on later appearance. This research has elucidated the influence of appearance on stable personality traits, something that the experimental paradigm cannot accomplish. If facial appearance at one point in time predicts subsequent changes in personality, it appears that facial appearance has a causal impact on personality development, such as that shown in the self-fulfilling and self-defeating prophecy paths in. The chapter concludes that the evidence for appearance-related differences in traits is the accuracy of the attractiveness and babyface stereotypes.
