ABSTRACT

One Hundred Unorthodox Strategies was compiled in the fifteenth century, during the Ming Dynasty, as a handbook of tactics based on Chinese military classics. Translated into English for the first time, this unique work draws on over two thousand years of experience in warfare to present a distillation of one hundred key strategic principles. Originally prepared as a text for students aspiring to high political positions in Confucian China, One Hundred Unorthodox Strategies is a compendium of Oriental strategies concisely stated and each individually illustrated with a description of battle from Chinese history. These historical examples shed new light on the often enigmatic formulations of the ancient strategists on subjects such as Strategic Power, defence, Vacuity, Spirit, and Victory. Acclaimed translator and Chinese military specialist Ralph Sawyer adds his own thoughtful commentary, deepening the reader's understanding of the intricacies of Chinese strategic thought.

chapter |17 pages

Introduction

chapter 1|3 pages

Estimates

chapter 2|2 pages

Plans

chapter 3|3 pages

Spies

chapter 4|3 pages

Elite Forces

chapter 5|4 pages

The Infantry

chapter 6|4 pages

The Cavalry

chapter 7|2 pages

Amphibious Strategies

chapter 8|3 pages

Chariots

chapter 9|2 pages

Trust

chapter 10|3 pages

Instructions

chapter 11|3 pages

Large Numbers

chapter 12|3 pages

Small Numbers

chapter 13|3 pages

Love

chapter 14|5 pages

Awesomeness

chapter 15|2 pages

Rewards

chapter 16|2 pages

Punishment

chapter 17|3 pages

The Host

chapter 18|4 pages

The Guest

chapter 19|3 pages

The Strong

chapter 20|3 pages

The Weak

chapter 21|4 pages

Arrogance

chapter 22|2 pages

Alliances

chapter 23|3 pages

Disposition

chapter 24|4 pages

Strategic Power

chapter 25|3 pages

Daylight

chapter 26|2 pages

Night

chapter 27|3 pages

Preparation

chapter 28|3 pages

Provisions

chapter 29|3 pages

Local Guides

chapter 30|4 pages

Knowledge

chapter 31|3 pages

Observers

chapter 32|3 pages

Marshes

chapter 33|2 pages

Contentious Terrain

chapter 34|3 pages

Advantageous Terrain

chapter 35|3 pages

Mountains

chapter 36|2 pages

Valleys

chapter 37|4 pages

Offense

chapter 38|2 pages

Defense

chapter 39|2 pages

Initiative

chapter 40|3 pages

Response

chapter 41|5 pages

The Unorthodox

chapter 42|3 pages

The Orthodox

chapter 43|3 pages

The Vacuous

chapter 44|2 pages

The Substantial

chapter 45|3 pages

Recklessness

chapter 46|2 pages

Weightiness

chapter 47|2 pages

Profit

chapter 48|2 pages

Harm

chapter 49|4 pages

Security

chapter 50|3 pages

Danger

chapter 51|4 pages

Fighting to the Death

chapter 52|2 pages

Seeking Life

chapter 53|4 pages

The Hungry

chapter 54|2 pages

The Sated

chapter 55|3 pages

Fatigue

chapter 56|2 pages

Ease

chapter 57|3 pages

Victory

chapter 58|2 pages

Defeat

chapter 59|3 pages

Advancing

chapter 60|3 pages

Retreating

chapter 61|3 pages

Provocation

chapter 62|3 pages

Compulsion

chapter 63|3 pages

The Distant

chapter 64|2 pages

The Nearby

chapter 65|5 pages

Rivers

chapter 66|3 pages

Incendiary Strategies

chapter 67|4 pages

Slowness

chapter 68|4 pages

Quickness

chapter 69|2 pages

Order

chapter 70|5 pages

Disorder

chapter 71|4 pages

Segmenting

chapter 72|3 pages

Uniting

chapter 73|3 pages

Anger

chapter 74|3 pages

Spirit

chapter 75|3 pages

Retreats

chapter 76|3 pages

Pursuits

chapter 77|2 pages

Refusing Battle

chapter 78|4 pages

Inevitable Combat

chapter 79|3 pages

Avoidance

chapter 80|3 pages

Sieges

chapter 81|4 pages

Utterances

chapter 82|2 pages

Peace Negotiations

chapter 83|3 pages

Enduring Attacks

chapter 84|2 pages

Surrenders

chapter 85|4 pages

The Heavens

chapter 86|6 pages

The Human

chapter 87|3 pages

The Difficult

chapter 88|3 pages

The Easy

chapter 89|3 pages

Bait

chapter 90|4 pages

Estrangement

chapter 91|2 pages

Doubt

chapter 92|2 pages

The Impoverished

chapter 93|2 pages

Wind

chapter 94|4 pages

Snow

chapter 95|4 pages

Nurturing Spirit

chapter 96|4 pages

Fear

chapter 97|3 pages

Letters

chapter 98|4 pages

Change

chapter 99|4 pages

Enthralled with Warfare

chapter 100|6 pages

Forgetting Warfare