ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on changes in chicken and dairy production in different regions and discusses rural women's relationship to hunting wild animals. Hunting large game is increasingly off-limits to rural Africans. Cows, which are sacred in Indian culture, provide draft power, manure to improve soil fertility, and milk products. Development planners introduced the white revolution, a western development strategy patterned after the green revolution in rice and wheat production, to increase dairy production. Work with certain animals and specific tasks, such as milking, herding, collecting eggs, feeding, and butchering, are often gender specific. Animal manures, valuable sources of fertilizer in mixed crop and livestock systems, create problems of waste disposal in concentrated livestock systems. Lack of integrated crop and animal production at the farm level affects the environment, the animals, and the social relations of production. Regional shifts in chicken production followed poultry processing plants south. In Zimbabwe, women in the land resettlement areas typically raise indigenous free-ranging chickens.
