ABSTRACT
Urban transportation is deficient; inner city problems have deepened; violent crime remains a serious threat in vast areas of the historic city centers. There are many conflicting views as to the impact and meaning of the exploded city in people lives. But without exception, all agree on one issue: a fundamental conflict — a misfit — exists between the scale of cities and the transportation systems that serve them. The automobile has devastated the physical fabric of both older and younger cities. Older cities have had to adapt their downtowns to traffic volumes unimagined at the time they were built. In newer North American cities, the patterns of development, land-use, and land coverage were all determined by the requirements and presumptions of car-dominated transportation from the beginning of their major growth. Regional city of seventy or eighty miles across encompasses the "old" downtown, as well as industrial, commercial, and residential sprawl.
