ABSTRACT
In northern Korea Soviet-style people's committees were organized in central and provincial governments and the North Korean Communist Party. The North Korean People's Committee carried out a series of reforms. From the outset two different orientations had coexisted within the League of Koreans: communist internationalism and nationalism. The Japanese Communist Party in its turn needed the cooperation of Koreans; a Japanese Ministry of Justice document recorded that the reconstruction of the party owed much to the contribution of Koreans. In October 1947 the occupation authorities issued a directive concerning the education of Koreans that stated that Korean schools should be made to comply with all pertinent Japanese directives, except that Korean schools would be permitted to teach the Korean language outside the core curriculum. The chapter explains how Chongryun has systematically coordinated the linguistic life of its adult members, since this control is closely related to the rise of the legitimate identity of Chongryun.
