ABSTRACT
The video clip director transforms a script or concept and the accompanying song into a short production. Smaller firms owned by a sole producer or a partnership of a few producers also make video clips as well as related types of production. Some music clips are produced by aspiring video or film producers trying to establish themselves in the industry. Music video directors have varying degrees of experience and prestige in this field, which roughly determine the extent of creative autonomy and financial support each director will be accorded. In 1984, video clip producer Lenny Grodin organized the creation of the Music Video Producers Association (MVPA) to create general standards for the industry that would establish better working conditions for producers and encourage record labels to increase clip budgets. In 1991, the MVPA had forty-two members and claimed to represent companies responsible for 90 percent of music video production in the United States.
