ABSTRACT
Elizabeth Gurley Flynn read all she could about the Soviet workers' cooperatives, which seemed as though they might fulfill the syndicalist dream of a new society based on workers' organizations. Cities that had been centers of radical activity prior to the war became key sites in the government's fight against labor organizations deemed dangerous to national security during and after the war. Flynn paid particular attention to women who became the victims of mob violence and government repression during the war. The Red Scare found its final victims in Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, two Italian anarchists who were executed in 1927. By the time the Red Scare subsided, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), the Socialist Party, and the anarchist movement lay in ruins. Flynn forged connections with a wide range of people alarmed by the wartime prosecution of workers, including "liberals, pacifists, church leaders, professionals and many conservative labor leaders".
