ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the fundamental issues related to China's population growth, land resources, agricultural development, and grain production. It assesses agricultural change in China, focusing on food demand and supply in the post-reform period. China has made significant improvements in agricultural technology and agricultural production since the reform. Whether China's land can support its population has generated much interesting research. Several issues need to be examined to correctly assess the consequences of China's changing food production and supply. The question of how much grain China will have to import from the world market depends very much on what kind of agricultural strategy is adopted in the future. Being the most populous country in the world, China has always paid substantial attention to agriculture and grain production. China's limited land resources make it necessary to control population growth and to substantially raise land productivity in order to maintain and improve the living standard of the Chinese people.
