ABSTRACT
Responsible scholars give credit to other researchers, authors, and artists by correctly acknowledging ideas, words, images, and performances (live or via recording) that are not their own. Giving credit is accomplished through the use of citations and bibliographies. This chapter discusses MLA, Chicago (and its variation, Turabian), APA, and Harvard citation guidelines as well as some of the reasons for using different citation and reference styles. Plagiarism encompasses a wide spectrum of behaviors, from outright word-for-word copying of another’s work to artful paraphrasing that re-states another author’s idea without acknowledgment. Using designed images and recordings that belong to others without securing permission and/or without correct attribution is also plagiarism. We provide guidelines and resources to help students navigate the challenge of properly citing others’ ideas, words, images, and performances and avoiding unethical uses of information.
