ABSTRACT

Niumi's colonial governors, mostly upper-class Englishmen, had little in common with those they governed in the Gambia protectorate and little occasion to interact with them. Many in Niumi lodged with relatives or friends in Senegal. Some who remained, emboldened by an outcry from diaspora Gambians on top of the widespread international condemnation of the president's actions, began a "#Gambia HAS Decided" campaign that used social media to organize protests. Movement leaders issued directives on how Gambians should respond when stopped by security forces. With jobs available locally, fewer youth will resort to taking the back way to Europe, especially given news of the slavery many have experienced in Libya and a government effort to repatriate Gambians stuck in Libya and Morocco. The Gambia's government seems to be trying to prepare its citizens for increased Chinese economic activity to keep China happy with its fresh investments.