ABSTRACT
Valence is an important topic in its own right. Besides the intrinsic interest of valence, a correct understanding of it is needed in order to respond to William James’s argument against epiphenomenalism. One response is that in any case the possibility of same taste with change of valence is not ruled out by there being an alternative scenario that is also possible. The phenomenology of valence is phenomenology that is caused by some part of the process. If events in the ES that are positive ‘evaluations’ cause a phenomenology, that phenomenology is pleasures Although the purely dispositional account won’t do, there is surely some intimate relation between finding something pleasant and being disposed to approach it. Events in the ES are neural events. Pleasure and displeasure are the phenomenologies that are caused by events in the ES. It is the ES that is the ‘part of our processing’ that causes the phenomenology of valence.
