ABSTRACT
The chapter aims to create an integrated Soviet-style planning system, first in the north-east and then throughout the country, though at first this was extremely difficult. As a Soviet model of development began to be applied in China, Sino-Soviet relations acquired a new warmth, to the point that at the European Security Conference held in Moscow in December 1954, the Chinese observer Chang Wen-t'ien declared that China would be bound by the terms of the Sino-Soviet alliance to join in the defence of Europe if peace were threatened. In the new atmosphere of mass mobilisation, attempts were made to recapture the spirit of Yenan with its close bond between soldiers and civilians. The slow progress of the Party and union rectification movement and the limited success of the land reform campaign in south China, in the winter of 1950-1, were in part compensated for by increasingly successful mobilisation behind the slogan 'Resist American Aggression and Aid Korea'.
