ABSTRACT

Culture is an ubiquitous concept. It can be di cult to de ne. In fact, more than 160 di erent de nitions of culture can be found in the literature (Kroeber, 1985). Most of the de nitions seem to converge on the notion that culture is learned, it is associated with groups of people, and it encompasses a range of attributes including norms, values, shared meanings, and ways of behaving. More simply put, culture is a shared meaning system that in uences how we think, act, organize, relate, and perceive. From an anthropological perspective, culture usually refers to societies de ned in national or ethnic terms, but it can also be used to describe the concepts of organizational and group culture.