An algorithm for detecting atomicity bugs in concurrent programs based on communication invariants

At present, the parallel architecture has become a typical configuration. The multi-thread technique can improve the efficiency of a program. However, it can cause a concurrency bug that is nondeterministic. An example of this is the 2003 Northeast blackout, which caused a loss of more than $30,000,000,000 (Poulsen, 2004). How to detect the concurrency bugs has been the key to reducing the loss.