ABSTRACT
In this chapter, an overview is presented about the use of aptamers as recognition elements for the development of nanometric scale biosensors for applications in the food industry. High specificity and high selectivity of these aptamer-based biosensors have let the identification of both organic (e.g., Salmonella enterica) and inorganic (e.g., arsenic and mercury ion) agents related to food-borne diseases. Additionally, the application of aptamers for the development of smart and active food packaging is shown. These packagings are used to preserve quality and integrity and even to extend shelf life of food products. Currently, different companies around the world have successfully developed and marketed diverse types of food packaging that can even adapt to real-time environmental conditions. One important element in the success of these technologies has been the implementation of advanced nanotechnology fabrication processes. In the next years, new and exciting opportunities can surge from the synergy between aptamer-based nanobiosensors and smart food packaging, as current challenges have been addressed and the incorporation of other technologies have shown a high potential to develop powerful, faster, more efficient, and even more economical devices to be used on a day-to-day basis.
