ABSTRACT
Endovascular intervention may be integral in the salvage of previous endovascular and open surgical reconstructions. The mechanisms of failure of previous reconstructions, whether open or endovascular, are similar. These include failure of in Pow due to new or residual lesions, failure at the site of previous intervention, or new lesions involving the out Pow. Failure at a site of previous balloon angioplasty or surgical bypass may be due to intimal hyperplasia during the early phase or recurrent atherosclerosis if it occurs later. Although the record of endovascular intervention for intimal hyperplasia is variable, this may be the method of choice in patients who are poor candidates for open surgery. Cutting balloons may play a future role in the endovascular treatment of intimal hyperplastic lesions.
