Epidemiology of Fungal Infection in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence of HIV-associated opportunistic infections (OIs) has decreased substantially (Fig. 1). This trend has continued and has been reported from other countries where HAART therapy is available (1,2). Mortality associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has dropped precipitously and OI morbidity has declined to a rate of 20% of that seen before the introduction of HAART (1,3-8). The decline is attributable to the efficacy of HAART, use of prophylaxis for OIs, and better all-around care of the HIV-infected individual.