ABSTRACT

Angiogenesis, the remodeling and recruitment of established blood vessels, is necessary for tumors to grow beyond a few millimeters in diameter (1). Before they become angiogenic, tumors rely on host vessels to supply needed nutrients and oxygen through diffusion and convection, but to grow beyond the diffusion limit, new blood vessels must be recruited. Angiogenic blood vessels not only supply the needed oxygen, nutrient, and extracellular matrix to sustain tumor growth, but also serve as conduits for metabolic waste and hematogenous metastases.