ABSTRACT
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was one of the first indications for bone marrow
transplantation (BMT). The Seattle experience with HLA-identical sibling BMT for refractory
acute leukemia from 1971 to 1975 included 54 patients with AML (1). Of this initial cohort,
seven patients survived more than 18 months after BMT, including five very long-term
survivors who remained in continuous complete remission 20 years after BMT. These results
demonstrated the curative potential of high-dose cyclophosphamide (Cy) and total body
irradiation (TBI) with marrow transplantation for chemotherapy-refractory AML.
