ABSTRACT
References 448
1. INTRODUCTION
Pediatric interventional radiology (PIR) services are a rapidly growing facet of many
children’s hospitals, given the emergence of fellowship trained pediatric interventional
radiologists. Pediatric interventionalists perform diagnostic and minimal access thera-
peutic procedures using various medical imaging modalities to guide them. As in other
areas, the minimally invasive nature of the procedures promises to result in less patient
morbidity, shorter hospital stays, and more cost effective health care (1-3).
