ABSTRACT
The literature review on collaborative working in licensing enforcement was expanded to include other housing intervention types because the available published material is scarce. It is concluded that sustainable enforcement to bring about a behaviour change in criminal landlords must be underpinned by strong working partnerships with clear objectives that address criminality and reduce health risks. The need for a wider evidence base of stronger study designs, demonstrating statistically significant results over long periods, is essential to demonstrate the effectiveness of these schemes to policymakers.
